The use of color in grinding and grinding tools is becoming more and more popular. Today, it is an important design tool for the field of grinding and grinding abrasives to express different styles and personalities. Colors are commonly used in general resin abrasives, superhard resin abrasives, rubber abrasives, coated abrasives, ceramic abrasives and polishing materials. These colored grinding and grinding tools have higher demand and more profit than similar products without color.
By coloring, the product can be given a beautiful color and the value of the product can be improved; if the coloring is appropriate, the light aging resistance of the product can be improved, and the product can be protected.
1. Performance requirements for coloring agents for grinding and grinding abrasives
a) has good tinting strength and hiding power;
b) does not affect the physical and mechanical properties and aging resistance of the product, and is not easy to fade or discolor;
c) easy to disperse, so that the color of the rubber is uniform;
d) there must be no migration and penetration;
e) Non-toxic.
2. Colorants and properties commonly used in grinding and grinding abrasives
a) Iron oxide red, referred to as iron red, commonly known as Sudan, is an inexpensive red colorant with great hiding power and tinting strength. It has excellent light resistance, high temperature resistance, resistance to atmospheric influence, pollution resistance to gases, and resistance to all alkalis. Due to the different manufacturing methods and process conditions, the crystal state and composition of the structure are different. The color shade of the product is quite different, so attention should be paid when using it.
b) Chromium oxide green, referred to as chrome green, the color can range from bright green to dark green. High temperature resistance, light resistance and resistance to various chemical solvents.
c) Iron oxide black, referred to as iron black, black powder, is an adduct of iron oxide and ferrous oxide. It has a saturated blue-black color with very high hiding power and a large tinting strength, but it is not as good as carbon black. It is stable to sunlight and the atmosphere, resistant to all alkalis, but soluble in acid.
d) Carbon black, a simple and very fine black powdery substance, the main component is elemental carbon, containing a small amount of oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur and the like. Do not dissolve in various solvents.
e) Titanium dioxide, commonly known as titanium white or titanium dioxide, white powder, is the strongest coloring power of white pigment, has excellent hiding power and color fastness, has good light stability, and is non-toxic.
3. Technical indicators for colorants used in grinding and grinding abrasives
3.1 Technical indicators
a) Content: The effective amount of the colorant directly affects the amount of the colorant. For example, the effective content of iron oxide red is iron content, and the general content is 95% or more. If the iron content is low, the colorant is doped with other components, for example, iron oxide red doped red earth, for iron oxide pigment. For suppliers, production costs will drop significantly. However, since the coloring power of the red clay is low, the application amount of the iron oxide red is large when applied to the grinding and grinding abrasives, resulting in an increase in the application cost of the user.
b) Water-soluble matter: refers to the impurities in the colorant that can be dissolved in water, mainly the unwashed salt in the colorant, generally in the range of 0.3-1.0%. The higher the colorant quality, the higher the content of water-soluble substances. Low, generally, the lower the water-soluble content of the coloring agent for coatings, the better the salt content of the water-soluble salt high coloring agent, which affects the strength of the binder in the formulation.
c) Sieve residue: refers to the content of non-main components in the pigment, generally larger than a certain particle size, the sieve residue in the colorant is an impurity component, the general content is controlled below 0.3%, high-quality pigment, sieve residue The content of the material will be less than 0.1%. If the sieve residue is too high, it will cause blockage or unevenness of particles or coloration during use.
d) pH: The colorant is generally neutral, and the alkaline or acidic nature will have an effect on the formulation or product.
3.2 Technical indicators and applications
a) for polishing agents. Polishing is the modification of the surface of a workpiece using a flexible polishing tool and abrasive particles or other polishing media. Polishing is aimed at obtaining a smooth surface or specular gloss, sometimes used to eliminate gloss (extinction). Due to the inherent high hardness of iron oxide, it is ideal for polishing or abrasives. They have been used for metal polishing for decades, such as chrome-plated faucets, automotive bumpers, and glass finishes, such as automotive windshields or optical quality glass. Iron oxide is used as a similar application abrasive oxide with good abrasiveness. Recipe example:
b) For bonded abrasives. Consolidated abrasives usually use four major types of binders: ceramic, resin, rubber, and diamond. These four types of binders have the largest proportion of ceramic bond abrasives. The rubber bonding agent currently uses three types of artificial styrene-butadiene rubber, sodium butyrate rubber and liquid rubber. The main materials of rhombohedral binder are composed of magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride, which are mainly used for fine-grained abrasives for fine processing. The resin binder is mainly a phenolic type resin, and when the phenol resin is used as a binder, it is also required to add a filler. Fillers can alter the properties of the bond, improve the performance of the wheel while reducing costs. Commonly used fillers are hemihydrate gypsum powder, fine-grained corundum or silicon carbide powder, cryolite, pyrite, zinc sulfide, zinc antimony white, CaOMgO and the like. Iron oxide red colorants are generally used for the aesthetics of commodities, and carbon black is also commonly used.
c) for coating abrasives
The coated abrasive is mainly composed of a substrate, an abrasive and a bonding agent, and the iron oxide red coloring agent is mixed with the bonding agent and then coated on the substrate, and the surface is further coated after the sanding. Mainly to increase the appearance of beauty.
(Main references: [1] Pigment Technology; [2] Organic Abrasives Manufacturing.)
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