Stanford researchers showed a new method of using electricity to separate hydrogen and oxygen from seawater. The research team pointed out that existing water separation methods require high-purity water. The team said that the use of pure water is unthinkable because in California, where water resources are scarce and the country is in arid state, there is hardly enough water to meet critical needs such as drinking and cooking. Hydrogen is attractive as a source of fuel for automobiles and other needs because it does not produce carbon dioxide when it burns, only water.
The researchers created a proof-of-concept demonstration and left it to the manufacturer for mass production. This concept uses electrolysis to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen gas comes out at the negative electrode, and there is oxygen at the positive end. California has abundant seawater, and the negatively charged chloride in the seawater corrodes the positive terminal, limiting the life of the system.
Researchers at Stanford University have come up with a way to prevent seawater from rapidly damaging the positive electrode. The new system coats the anode with a negatively charged layer, which repels chlorides and slows the decay of metals. The layer is a nickel sulfide layer coated with nickel iron hydroxide, covering the nickel foam core. The nickel foam core acts as a conductor to deliver electricity, and nickel iron hydroxide initiates electrolysis to separate oxygen and hydrogen. Without a coating, this device can only work for 12 hours in seawater. With this coating, it continues to work for more than a thousand hours.
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