The public green space is mostly in the urban area, the geographical conditions are complex, the small environment and the microclimate are diverse, the personnel flow is large, and the plant varieties are abundant. Therefore, in the prevention and control of pests and diseases, it is necessary to emphasize safety, especially when using chemical pesticides, it is necessary to pay attention to the safety of drugs to people, the environment and natural enemies, and to use them scientifically and rationally.
First, reasonable drug selection
The preferred biological agent has a long-lasting effect, is economically safe, and does not pollute the environment. Bacillus thuringiensis and Beauveria bassiana can control the larvae of Lepidoptera pests (Peach, Heartworm, Caterpillar, Caterpillar, etc.); antibiotics and insecticides, 1.5% anti-mycin is used to control spotted leaf disease. Secondly, specific insect growth regulators should be selected to kill pests by accelerating or inhibiting the growth of pests. 5% of the chlorfenapyr or 25% of the chlorpyrifos 3 has good control effect against the golden moth, the worm and the larva. There is a parasitic bacterium that is parasitic on the conidia of the powdery mildew of Lagerstroemia speciosa, which makes it lose its germination ability and can alleviate the harm of powdery mildew. Again, use high-efficiency, low-toxic, low-residue, pollution-free pesticides. 10% imidacloprid, % spray to control embroidered Jerusalem artichoke, pear hibiscus and so on. 80% of the big or 20% of the dead or 15% of the net emulsifiable concentrate to control the hawthorn leafhopper and apple full claws, 50% of the rich farmers to control aphids, scale insects and so on. When using chemical pesticides, try to use selective pesticides and use less broad-spectrum pesticides to protect natural enemies. It is necessary to rotate the medicine reasonably. One type of medicine should be used no more than twice a year to avoid drug resistance.
Second, timely medication
Garden technicians should observe and study more, and determine whether the medication and medication are suitable according to the number of pests and diseases and the progress of pests and diseases. Hawthorn red spider, when the wintering female pupae reaches an average of 1 per bud, timely application. The control of moths should generally be before the third instar. At this time, the worms are small, often densely packed together, which is lightly harmful and weak in resistance. It can exert better effects with less pesticides. Turf armyworms occur between May and August each year, and when it reaches 5 to 10 heads per square meter, it is suitable for prevention and control. Different insect states respond differently to pesticides, and hatching to the 3rd instar is a favorable time for chemical control. Carnivores, leaf miners, etc. should be used before the eggs and larvae hatch has not been drilled. The capsules such as the ball and the cedar turtle wax should be applied before the waxy form of the shell. According to the distribution characteristics of pests and diseases, leaf roller moth, aphid and powdery mildew are more harmful in new shoots, and early damage of mites is concentrated on the leaves of the inner tibia. Focus on spraying according to the situation, prevent the spread of pests and diseases, and reduce the number of medications.
Third, the correct medication
Strict pesticide dosage and use concentration, pesticide use is lower than the effective concentration, it is difficult to achieve the proper control effect, beyond the range of effective concentration, it is wasteful, and it is easy to produce phytotoxicity and pollute the environment. When spraying the liquid, keep a balanced pressure. The spray head should be more than half a meter away from the leaves to ensure the atomization effect; the spray should be even and thoughtful, the spray should be from top to bottom, from the inside to the outside, can not leak, and can not spray more, to the blade It is advisable to fully wet and not form flow droplets. Always spray the spray gun or apply a single nozzle or multiple nozzles when spraying to ensure the quality of the atomization. Master the time of application, and spray the medicine every day before the dew is dry or at noon in the hot sun to avoid phytotoxicity.
Fourth, safe medication
In the use of chemical pesticides in public green space, we must first consider the safety of humans, animals, natural enemies, plants and other beneficial organisms. In densely populated areas, residential areas, etc., spraying pesticides should be arranged at night, if necessary, during the day. Warning signs should be set first to avoid accidents. The application personnel should strictly follow the operating procedures, standardize the work, wear protective clothing, gloves, goggles, masks, protective covers, etc. Different types or varieties of flowers and trees and flowers and trees have different sensitivity to chemicals at different developmental stages. For example, dichlorvos is a highly effective and low-toxic insecticide suitable for gardens, flowers, fruit trees, etc., but it is easy to cause phytotoxicity to plum, apricot, cherry, eucalyptus, taro, and some flower plants, and should not be used or concentrated. Don't be too big. Seedlings and saplings advocate the use of water and powder, and try not to use high-toxic emulsifiable concentrates.
Five, the correct mix
Mixing two or more pesticides can expand the scope of prevention, improve drug efficacy, overcome or delay the resistance of pests and diseases, reduce the amount of pesticides and the number of applications, and improve work efficiency. But mixed use should be scientific, not mixed. Acidic and alkaline agents should not be mixed. For example, sulfur-containing fungicides (sulfur, mancozeb, thiram, bacteriostat, etc.) cannot be mixed with copper preparations. Some pesticides can not only be mixed, but also have a certain time interval. If you use Bordeaux solution for 20 days, you can not use mancozeb. If you have used the stone sulphur mixture, you can use Bordeaux mixture at intervals of 15 to 20 days. If the pesticide mixture is stratified, precipitated or the toxicity is increased, it cannot be mixed.
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First, reasonable drug selection
The preferred biological agent has a long-lasting effect, is economically safe, and does not pollute the environment. Bacillus thuringiensis and Beauveria bassiana can control the larvae of Lepidoptera pests (Peach, Heartworm, Caterpillar, Caterpillar, etc.); antibiotics and insecticides, 1.5% anti-mycin is used to control spotted leaf disease. Secondly, specific insect growth regulators should be selected to kill pests by accelerating or inhibiting the growth of pests. 5% of the chlorfenapyr or 25% of the chlorpyrifos 3 has good control effect against the golden moth, the worm and the larva. There is a parasitic bacterium that is parasitic on the conidia of the powdery mildew of Lagerstroemia speciosa, which makes it lose its germination ability and can alleviate the harm of powdery mildew. Again, use high-efficiency, low-toxic, low-residue, pollution-free pesticides. 10% imidacloprid, % spray to control embroidered Jerusalem artichoke, pear hibiscus and so on. 80% of the big or 20% of the dead or 15% of the net emulsifiable concentrate to control the hawthorn leafhopper and apple full claws, 50% of the rich farmers to control aphids, scale insects and so on. When using chemical pesticides, try to use selective pesticides and use less broad-spectrum pesticides to protect natural enemies. It is necessary to rotate the medicine reasonably. One type of medicine should be used no more than twice a year to avoid drug resistance.
Second, timely medication
Garden technicians should observe and study more, and determine whether the medication and medication are suitable according to the number of pests and diseases and the progress of pests and diseases. Hawthorn red spider, when the wintering female pupae reaches an average of 1 per bud, timely application. The control of moths should generally be before the third instar. At this time, the worms are small, often densely packed together, which is lightly harmful and weak in resistance. It can exert better effects with less pesticides. Turf armyworms occur between May and August each year, and when it reaches 5 to 10 heads per square meter, it is suitable for prevention and control. Different insect states respond differently to pesticides, and hatching to the 3rd instar is a favorable time for chemical control. Carnivores, leaf miners, etc. should be used before the eggs and larvae hatch has not been drilled. The capsules such as the ball and the cedar turtle wax should be applied before the waxy form of the shell. According to the distribution characteristics of pests and diseases, leaf roller moth, aphid and powdery mildew are more harmful in new shoots, and early damage of mites is concentrated on the leaves of the inner tibia. Focus on spraying according to the situation, prevent the spread of pests and diseases, and reduce the number of medications.
Third, the correct medication
Strict pesticide dosage and use concentration, pesticide use is lower than the effective concentration, it is difficult to achieve the proper control effect, beyond the range of effective concentration, it is wasteful, and it is easy to produce phytotoxicity and pollute the environment. When spraying the liquid, keep a balanced pressure. The spray head should be more than half a meter away from the leaves to ensure the atomization effect; the spray should be even and thoughtful, the spray should be from top to bottom, from the inside to the outside, can not leak, and can not spray more, to the blade It is advisable to fully wet and not form flow droplets. Always spray the spray gun or apply a single nozzle or multiple nozzles when spraying to ensure the quality of the atomization. Master the time of application, and spray the medicine every day before the dew is dry or at noon in the hot sun to avoid phytotoxicity.
Fourth, safe medication
In the use of chemical pesticides in public green space, we must first consider the safety of humans, animals, natural enemies, plants and other beneficial organisms. In densely populated areas, residential areas, etc., spraying pesticides should be arranged at night, if necessary, during the day. Warning signs should be set first to avoid accidents. The application personnel should strictly follow the operating procedures, standardize the work, wear protective clothing, gloves, goggles, masks, protective covers, etc. Different types or varieties of flowers and trees and flowers and trees have different sensitivity to chemicals at different developmental stages. For example, dichlorvos is a highly effective and low-toxic insecticide suitable for gardens, flowers, fruit trees, etc., but it is easy to cause phytotoxicity to plum, apricot, cherry, eucalyptus, taro, and some flower plants, and should not be used or concentrated. Don't be too big. Seedlings and saplings advocate the use of water and powder, and try not to use high-toxic emulsifiable concentrates.
Five, the correct mix
Mixing two or more pesticides can expand the scope of prevention, improve drug efficacy, overcome or delay the resistance of pests and diseases, reduce the amount of pesticides and the number of applications, and improve work efficiency. But mixed use should be scientific, not mixed. Acidic and alkaline agents should not be mixed. For example, sulfur-containing fungicides (sulfur, mancozeb, thiram, bacteriostat, etc.) cannot be mixed with copper preparations. Some pesticides can not only be mixed, but also have a certain time interval. If you use Bordeaux solution for 20 days, you can not use mancozeb. If you have used the stone sulphur mixture, you can use Bordeaux mixture at intervals of 15 to 20 days. If the pesticide mixture is stratified, precipitated or the toxicity is increased, it cannot be mixed.
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