How can fire engines be properly used in "Fire Trucks" in winter?

Fire engines are important equipment for fire officers and soldiers to perform on duty and extinguish fires. A well-maintained and well-being fire engine serves as a task to help fire officers and soldiers quickly reach the fire scene and quickly extinguish the fire. Therefore, the proper use and maintenance of fire engines is a basic skill that fire officers and men need to master.

Lift high fire truck

First, the Fire fixed equipment on-board the vehicle and its winter Precautions

1. Fire vehicles (chassis) before entering the winter must check the following items:

( 1 ) Replace or add antifreeze suitable for the cold season. Antifreeze is an important liquid that cools and cools the engine. Antifreeze also plays a role in anticorrosion, rust removal, low freezing point, and high boiling point. Good brand antifreeze can provide good protection for the engine. Under normal circumstances, it is replaced once every two years. Antifreezes of different brands and different types must not be mixed, and they must be replaced before winter season arrives.

( 2 ) Replace the engine oil that is suitable for winter use according to the engine model. The types of oil sold in the market are complex. Try to purchase genuine engine oil produced by large manufacturers. The fake engine oil and inferior engine oil will cause damage to the engine components, and the engine will be seriously scrapped. In addition to the maintenance of the engine in accordance with the normal number of kilometers, seasonal maintenance is an important part. There are not many miles running for the fire engine, maintenance is not proper according to the number of kilometers, seasonal maintenance becomes an important item, and engine oil is replaced at least once a year (regardless of whether the vehicle is in use or not).

( 3 ) Replacement of fuel A and diesel vehicles suitable for winter use : Replace fuels that are suitable for use in winter ( -10 #, -20 #, etc. are properly selected according to the temperature of the region), and choose diesel fuel that meets the national standard, and try to avoid adding Note The inferior diesel that does not meet the national standard can prevent the vehicle from being stopped or stopping in the middle due to the clogging of the nozzle and the formation of ice in the oil system. Severe engine failure may result. B. Gasoline vehicles: When entering the cold season, gasoline with a higher grade number ( 92# → 95 #) can be used , and the ignition point is high and the stability is good, so it is easier to start the vehicle.

( 4 ) Check and maintain the storage battery, do the battery insulation and antifreeze measures, check the electrolyte concentration, adjust the electrolyte proportion, supplement the supplementary fluid, and prevent the battery from freezing and freezing. Clean the battery terminal, fasten the battery card, and apply special grease to protect it. The battery was found to be short-circuited in time and the battery could not be replaced promptly.

( 5 ) Check the glass liquid, replace the glass liquid that is suitable for winter use, and prevent the glass liquid from freezing and freezing the glass cleaning system.

( 6 ) Check the lighting system, especially the fog lamps and brake lights, and repair the faults in time.

( 7 ) Inspecting tires, winter tires tend to become hard and brittle, and it is not advisable to run fast when a constantly-moving fire-fighting vehicle is out of the way. After traveling at a slightly slower speed for a while or after 5-10 minutes, it will help to stabilize the vehicle. Safe driving. At the same time pay attention to maintain normal tire pressure, and check the removal of debris within the tread.

( 8 ) Check the warm air system to make it work properly to ensure that the cabin temperature is comfortable and frostbite is prevented.

( 9 ) Do a good job in winter snow and ice roads anti-skid work, ready snow chains, conditional replacement snow tires.

( 10 ) It is strictly forbidden to leave the hot car for a long time in the original place. It is best not to exceed 3 minutes for the fire truck to start the local hot car. It is not advisable to drive at high speed when moving out of the road. After driving at a slightly slower speed or after 5-10 minutes, the normal driving is good. The driving habits can effectively extend the life of the engine.

2 , vehicle fixed equipment must check the following items

( 1 ) Do a good job of insulation and anti-freezing of pumps, water tanks, valves and piping systems. Cold areas must install heating systems for water tanks and pump rooms. Before entering the winter, it is necessary to check whether the valves are working properly. After use, drain the water pump, piping and valves in time to prevent freezing and freezing.

( 2 ) Before entering the winter with a water ring header, it must be replaced with antifreeze to prevent freezing of the water diversion system.

( 3 ) Discharge the circulating cooling water in the power takeoff pipeline and switch off the circulating water circuit. In the cold season, as long as the water pump is not continuously operating for a long time, try not to open the power takeoff circulating cooling water switch (open or close according to the actual situation ) to prevent damage to the power take-off.

( 4 ) In the winter of the fire truck with water injection, spraying and cleaning systems, the remaining water shall be drained in time to prevent damage caused by ice formation.

( 5 ) Pay attention to checking the pedal and shutter door. Most of the opening and closing of fire truck pedals is controlled by gas springs, and the gas springs will easily become fragile and vulnerable due to the cold weather. Once the gas springs damage the pedals and fall automatically, it will seriously affect traffic safety. Rolling shutter doors also become hard and slippery due to cold weather. During driving (especially on bumpy roads), the vehicle should be prevented from automatically opening and dropping equipment and equipment and affecting safe driving.

Second, cold season fire safety vehicle safety precautions

Fire trucks have a high center of gravity, and most of them contain liquid fire extinguishing agents. Liquids are very unstable on a moving vehicle, so care should be taken with respect to safe driving.

( 1 ) Fill the tank with extinguishing agent (water, foam, etc.) as much as possible. Normal driving is not required. Spill half a tank or carry a small amount of fire extinguishing agent. (If the task requires careful driving, avoid driving fast and urgently. Directions, sudden braking, etc.) to prevent the vehicle from rolling over.

( 2 ) Fire-fighting vehicles such as lifts, rescues, and high-power vehicles must have high center of gravity and heavy loads. They should maintain safe vehicle speed and safe vehicle spacing during driving. Observe the limited height and load capacity of culverts and bridges. Normal roads Driving should pay attention to observing the obstacles above and on the side. When arriving at the rescue site, it is necessary to pay attention to the proper parking position (especially for high-grade fire engines). Lifting a high car is prohibited. The working arm does not receive driving in a proper position. The rescue vehicle and the lighting car must retract the lighting lift lever to move the vehicle.

( 3 ) The upper part of the fire-fighting vehicle carrying fire-fighting equipment (large ladders, suction pipes, etc.) shall be periodically inspected for tightness to prevent falling during driving.

( 4 ) When driving a fire-fighting vehicle in winter, do not start the vehicle immediately and fast. Slow down at a low speed for a period of time. Wait for the water temperature to reach 40 degrees or more before normal operation (the engine speed should not be too high during the period) to prevent damage to the machine.

( 5 ) After the fire trucks return to the team, the remaining water in the gas tank should be drained in time to prevent the ice from affecting the safety of the vehicle.

Third, the winter fire truck safety driving method

( 1 ) Slowly start refueling, slowly lift the clutch, start with a file, to prevent damage to clutch.

( 2 ) Control the stable speed and increase the safety distance.

( 3 ) Steering deceleration first, and increasing the radius of turning appropriately, it is advisable to take measures in advance when turning on ice and snow.

( 4 ) As far as possible on ice and snow roads, use the engine to stop the brakes and use foot brakes with caution.

( 5 ) Avoid overtaking as much as possible. It is best to drive along the outstretched rut. If you need to overtake or change lanes, you should slowly exit the rut and then pass.

( 6 ) Try to leave a large lateral distance when meeting the car to prevent the vehicle from colliding.

( 7 ) Keep a safe distance from a larger distance. Do not overtake the vehicle and prevent rear-end skidding or control of the vehicle.

( 8 ) According to the actual road conditions, timely control the speed, try to drive in the middle of the road or follow ( 5 ) driving.

( 9 ) Stay focused while driving, improve predictability, and don't do anything unrelated to driving safety.

( 10 ) To maintain a good driving psychology, to avoid confusion, to be calm, to analyze and judge correctly, and to act decisively.

Fourth, the conclusion

Fire-fighting vehicles are equipped with their own unique characteristics. They must learn, understand, and explore more when using and maintaining them. In a truly meaningful way, they can improve their skills and skill levels, and be proficient in their performance and characteristics before they can make use of them. The greatest effect is to be truly invincible and inviolable.