After the land has been applied with a large amount of phosphate fertilizer for several years, it is a good measure to reduce the production cost and increase production and income by reducing the supply of phosphate fertilizer and reducing the supply of phosphate fertilizer in one or two years.
In the country's cultivated land, the total phosphorus content is as high as 0.11-0.16%. After conversion, it is equivalent to 1000-1500 kg of superphosphate per acre. However, most of these phosphorus are fixed by soil and exist in the form of poorly soluble phosphate. absorb. Phosphorus in the soil that cannot be absorbed by crops is called ineffective phosphorus. Phosphorus that can be absorbed by crops is called effective phosphorus. From the perspective of fertilization, for the three main elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer is the lowest, about 10-25%, that is, every 1 kg of phosphate fertilizer is applied, 0.75-0.9 kg of phosphorus is fixed by the soil. Although the original phosphorus in the soil and the phosphorus applied to the soil are mostly fixed by the soil, it becomes a phosphate that cannot be absorbed by the crop. However, the phosphorus in the soil can be transformed into each other. Due to the activity of soil microorganisms, the decomposition of organic matter, and the influence of water and gas conditions in the soil, phosphorus can be released and become water-soluble phosphate absorbed by crops, that is, in soil. The available phosphorus and the ineffective phosphorus can be converted into each other. For this reason, it is not necessary to apply phosphate fertilizer to the soil every year.
If the soil available phosphorus content is greater than 35PPM, no need to apply phosphate fertilizer, the soil available phosphorus is 25-35PPM, the application of three fertilizers is 5kg-7.5kg, the soil available phosphorus is 15-25PPM, and the application of three fertilizers is 7.5- 10 kg, when the soil available phosphorus content is less than 15 PPM, the application of three fertilizers is 10-15 kg. If the soil available phosphorus content is greater than 35 PPM, the soil yield will decrease by 1.46 kg for every 1 PPM increase in soil available phosphorus (in terms of P2O5). If you do not know the soil available phosphorus content of a certain piece of land, it can be determined according to the fertilization situation in the area. If the area is applied for more than 15 kg of diammonium for two consecutive years, the phosphate fertilizer can be applied every other year. If the diammonium phosphate is applied in a piece of land for many years, 15 kg, the method of reducing the amount of diammonium can be used later.
The following points should be mastered when applying phosphate fertilizer: First, fertilization due to soil. The application efficiency of phosphate fertilizer is negatively correlated with the available phosphorus content of soil, that is, the application of phosphate fertilizer on the soil with phosphorus deficiency has the greatest effect on yield increase. Therefore, phosphate fertilizer should be preferentially distributed in lean land, new depression, newly leveled land and remote areas. Low-yield fields. Second, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be used together. Phosphate fertilizer can only be used according to the reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer to achieve high yield index. It is extremely unscientific to blindly over-administer phosphate fertilizer alone. In general, crops have a certain ratio of nutrient requirements. The balanced supply of nutrients is closely related to the promotion of crop growth and development and higher yields. The maximum fertilizer efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer depends on the application of sufficient amount of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer; on the contrary, the highest fertilizer efficiency of phosphorus and potassium can only be manifested on the basis of nitrogen fertilizer application. Nutrients in nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements such as iron and boron, are equally important and irreplaceable. Crop growth and development need to absorb various nutrients, but the crop yield is determined. It is an effective element with the least amount of relative amount in the soil. If this restriction factor is neglected, it is difficult to increase crop yield even if other nutrients continue to increase. This is the minimum nutrient theory. The minimum nutrient refers to a large amount of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur. However, in some soils, some crops or long-term organic fertilizers may also be trace elements such as iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc and molybdenum. Chlorine, so in production according to the output indicators, pay attention to the combination of nutrients, take a scientific comparison, in order to give full play to the role of phosphate fertilizer to increase production, can not rely solely on phosphate fertilizer to produce miracles. Third, the application method should be exquisite. Because of the small mobility of phosphorus, it is difficult to apply fertilizer to the ideal position for topdressing. If the amount of fertilizer is sufficient, it should be used together with the base fertilizer to apply the fertilizer. If the quantity is limited, the phosphate fertilizer should be considered as the seed fertilizer application first. The phosphate fertilizer is used as the seed fertilizer to solve the contradiction of insufficient phosphorus supply in the phosphorus nutrition critical period of the seedling stage, and can promote the nitrogen absorption of the crop. Phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer are not the same. They are not suitable for spreading. The application of soil and soil is large, and phosphorus is fixed by soil. Therefore, it should be considered for application or acupoint application. Fourth, the top of the top dressing, that is, foliar spray fertilizer. This is an effective measure to prevent phosphorus from being fixed. It can be sprayed with phosphorus or mixed with nitrogen fertilizer. It can be sprayed 1-2 times in the mid-term and flowering period of crops, with an interval of 3-10 days. Fifth, the combination of phosphate fertilizer and organic fertilizer is applied. Phosphate fertilizer, especially some delayed-effect phosphate fertilizer, can be mixed with organic fertilizer before fermentation to increase the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer. When mixed application, it can reduce the contact between fertilizer and soil, prevent phosphorus from being fixed, and produce more organic fertilizer decomposition process. Organic acids, which have a protective effect on water-soluble phosphorus. Organic substances can also provide energy for soil microorganisms, and promote the proliferation of microorganisms. The activity of microorganisms can convert inorganic phosphorus into organic phosphorus to reduce phosphorus fixation. It can also release a large amount of carbon dioxide, which is beneficial to the release of poorly soluble phosphate in the soil. Sixth, in combination with phosphorus bacterial fertilizer. Phosphorus bacteria have a special role in converting ineffective phosphorus into effective phosphorus. Phosphate bacterial fertilizer is a microbial preparation produced by fermentation. It is different from chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers. It does not have the nutrients needed by crops. However, it can store a large amount of soil and the crops cannot be directly absorbed and utilized. The organic or inorganic phosphide of the state is converted into an effective phosphorus compound for absorption and utilization by plants.
In the country's cultivated land, the total phosphorus content is as high as 0.11-0.16%. After conversion, it is equivalent to 1000-1500 kg of superphosphate per acre. However, most of these phosphorus are fixed by soil and exist in the form of poorly soluble phosphate. absorb. Phosphorus in the soil that cannot be absorbed by crops is called ineffective phosphorus. Phosphorus that can be absorbed by crops is called effective phosphorus. From the perspective of fertilization, for the three main elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer is the lowest, about 10-25%, that is, every 1 kg of phosphate fertilizer is applied, 0.75-0.9 kg of phosphorus is fixed by the soil. Although the original phosphorus in the soil and the phosphorus applied to the soil are mostly fixed by the soil, it becomes a phosphate that cannot be absorbed by the crop. However, the phosphorus in the soil can be transformed into each other. Due to the activity of soil microorganisms, the decomposition of organic matter, and the influence of water and gas conditions in the soil, phosphorus can be released and become water-soluble phosphate absorbed by crops, that is, in soil. The available phosphorus and the ineffective phosphorus can be converted into each other. For this reason, it is not necessary to apply phosphate fertilizer to the soil every year.
If the soil available phosphorus content is greater than 35PPM, no need to apply phosphate fertilizer, the soil available phosphorus is 25-35PPM, the application of three fertilizers is 5kg-7.5kg, the soil available phosphorus is 15-25PPM, and the application of three fertilizers is 7.5- 10 kg, when the soil available phosphorus content is less than 15 PPM, the application of three fertilizers is 10-15 kg. If the soil available phosphorus content is greater than 35 PPM, the soil yield will decrease by 1.46 kg for every 1 PPM increase in soil available phosphorus (in terms of P2O5). If you do not know the soil available phosphorus content of a certain piece of land, it can be determined according to the fertilization situation in the area. If the area is applied for more than 15 kg of diammonium for two consecutive years, the phosphate fertilizer can be applied every other year. If the diammonium phosphate is applied in a piece of land for many years, 15 kg, the method of reducing the amount of diammonium can be used later.
The following points should be mastered when applying phosphate fertilizer: First, fertilization due to soil. The application efficiency of phosphate fertilizer is negatively correlated with the available phosphorus content of soil, that is, the application of phosphate fertilizer on the soil with phosphorus deficiency has the greatest effect on yield increase. Therefore, phosphate fertilizer should be preferentially distributed in lean land, new depression, newly leveled land and remote areas. Low-yield fields. Second, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be used together. Phosphate fertilizer can only be used according to the reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer to achieve high yield index. It is extremely unscientific to blindly over-administer phosphate fertilizer alone. In general, crops have a certain ratio of nutrient requirements. The balanced supply of nutrients is closely related to the promotion of crop growth and development and higher yields. The maximum fertilizer efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer depends on the application of sufficient amount of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer; on the contrary, the highest fertilizer efficiency of phosphorus and potassium can only be manifested on the basis of nitrogen fertilizer application. Nutrients in nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements such as iron and boron, are equally important and irreplaceable. Crop growth and development need to absorb various nutrients, but the crop yield is determined. It is an effective element with the least amount of relative amount in the soil. If this restriction factor is neglected, it is difficult to increase crop yield even if other nutrients continue to increase. This is the minimum nutrient theory. The minimum nutrient refers to a large amount of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur. However, in some soils, some crops or long-term organic fertilizers may also be trace elements such as iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc and molybdenum. Chlorine, so in production according to the output indicators, pay attention to the combination of nutrients, take a scientific comparison, in order to give full play to the role of phosphate fertilizer to increase production, can not rely solely on phosphate fertilizer to produce miracles. Third, the application method should be exquisite. Because of the small mobility of phosphorus, it is difficult to apply fertilizer to the ideal position for topdressing. If the amount of fertilizer is sufficient, it should be used together with the base fertilizer to apply the fertilizer. If the quantity is limited, the phosphate fertilizer should be considered as the seed fertilizer application first. The phosphate fertilizer is used as the seed fertilizer to solve the contradiction of insufficient phosphorus supply in the phosphorus nutrition critical period of the seedling stage, and can promote the nitrogen absorption of the crop. Phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer are not the same. They are not suitable for spreading. The application of soil and soil is large, and phosphorus is fixed by soil. Therefore, it should be considered for application or acupoint application. Fourth, the top of the top dressing, that is, foliar spray fertilizer. This is an effective measure to prevent phosphorus from being fixed. It can be sprayed with phosphorus or mixed with nitrogen fertilizer. It can be sprayed 1-2 times in the mid-term and flowering period of crops, with an interval of 3-10 days. Fifth, the combination of phosphate fertilizer and organic fertilizer is applied. Phosphate fertilizer, especially some delayed-effect phosphate fertilizer, can be mixed with organic fertilizer before fermentation to increase the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer. When mixed application, it can reduce the contact between fertilizer and soil, prevent phosphorus from being fixed, and produce more organic fertilizer decomposition process. Organic acids, which have a protective effect on water-soluble phosphorus. Organic substances can also provide energy for soil microorganisms, and promote the proliferation of microorganisms. The activity of microorganisms can convert inorganic phosphorus into organic phosphorus to reduce phosphorus fixation. It can also release a large amount of carbon dioxide, which is beneficial to the release of poorly soluble phosphate in the soil. Sixth, in combination with phosphorus bacterial fertilizer. Phosphorus bacteria have a special role in converting ineffective phosphorus into effective phosphorus. Phosphate bacterial fertilizer is a microbial preparation produced by fermentation. It is different from chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers. It does not have the nutrients needed by crops. However, it can store a large amount of soil and the crops cannot be directly absorbed and utilized. The organic or inorganic phosphide of the state is converted into an effective phosphorus compound for absorption and utilization by plants.
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