According to foreign media reports, scientists at Tokyo University of Science have used rust as a catalyst for the photo-assisted hydrogen production of organic waste and found that it produces 25 times more hydrogen than previous titanium dioxide catalysts. Countries such as Japan and South Korea regard hydrogen as the clean fuel of the future and are reorganizing to achieve a zero-emission "hydrogen economy", in which transportation will be mainly driven by fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen-fueled engine vehicles, which only emit water as the final product .
However, economical and sustainable hydrogen production methods have not been truly determined. Electrolysis wastes a lot of energy and consumes fresh water. Natural gas or coal production releases large amounts of carbon at the production site, eliminating any appreciable environmental benefits. The solar-powered photocatalytic process invented in the 1970s produced very little hydrogen, so it was not worth the trouble or expense of its titanium dioxide catalyst.
Now, a research team at Tokyo University of Science believes that it has found a cheap, efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production solution based on a special type of corrosion.
Using light from a xenon lamp, a water-methanol solution and a rust-type catalyst called α-FeOOH, the team found that the hydrogen produced was 25 times higher than previous titanium dioxide technology. Another benefit is that this particular form of corrosion seems to help prevent hydrogen from recombining with the oxygen in the container, making it easier to separate and avoid potential explosion hazards. This structure can produce hydrogen continuously and stably for more than 400 hours.
The team next plans to precisely study the role of oxygen in activating the light-induced α-FeOOH reaction, because when oxygen is removed from the reaction chamber, it completely stops working. Although this technology still needs to decompose water to produce hydrogen, this may be an effective method of using sunlight without any expensive catalysts.
The research was published in "Chemistry: A European Journal".
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