What fire fighting equipment knowledge

Which fire fighting technology knowledge of fire equipment:

A: How to use insulated shears, insulated gloves and insulated boots?

Fire-fighting insulation cuts are used by firefighters to cut wires and cut off power when fighting fires. There are two types, large and small. Insulating gloves are rubber products and latex products, which are divided into 12KV and 5KV. They are mainly used to operate high and low voltage power equipment. 12KV insulation gloves is auxiliary safety equipment when the voltage is above 1KV, and basic safety equipment when it is less than 1KV; 5KV insulation gloves are forbidden to use when the voltage is more than 1KV, auxiliary safety equipment is used when it is less than 1KV, and 0.25KV is the basic safety equipment. Insulation boots are auxiliary safety devices for maintaining insulation from ground, and are also basic safety appliances for protecting step voltages.

II: What is the purpose and use of the descent device?

The descent device can be used by firefighters or other personnel to slowly slide the lifesaving from a height. Can be used repeatedly to continue to save people. It consists of hooks or rings, speed controllers, lifebelts and safety ropes. When in use, place the lifebelt at one end of the safety rope under the arm of the victim and fix the other end to an object near the window or balcony. Its shape is a round drum, weighing 2.7 kilograms, length up to 30 meters.

What is the purpose and specification of the guide rope? How to use safely?

The guide rope is mainly used for firefighters to enter the dangerous areas with low smoke density, low visibility and complex terrain and structures, and to control the ropes for offensive and withdrawal directions or keep in touch with the outside, including the guide ropes for the team and individual guide ropes. The length of the guide rope for the squad is 60 meters (can be determined according to need, appropriate extension). There is a set of sagging rope head marks every 3 meters on the rope. The knotted whipping rope head (50 mm in length) indicates the direction of entering the site. The long rope head (100 mm in length) indicates the direction of withdrawal. The length of the individual guide rope is 6 meters. Before use, each connection point must be firmly connected, keeping in mind the indication of the entry and exit of the rope (can be used in conjunction with other protective equipment as required).

IV: How to classify fire pumps?

(1) According to its export pressure:

1 low pressure fire pump. The outlet pressure not only has the pressure of the normal pressure fire pump but also the pressure of the medium pressure fire pump.

2 high and low pressure fire pumps. The outlet pressure not only has the pressure of the normal pressure fire pump but also the pressure of the high pressure fire pump.

3 medium pressure fire pump. The outlet pressure is greater than 16×10 5 Pa and less than or equal to 25×10 5 Pa.

4 normal pressure fire pump. The outlet pressure is less than or equal to 16×10 5 Pa.

5 high pressure fire pump. The outlet pressure is greater than 25 x 105 Pa.

(2) According to use and matching object:

1 Marine fire pump (installed on ships and fire boats).

2 Agricultural fire pumps (supported by agricultural power machinery such as tractors, which can be used for irrigation and drainage of farmland and can also be used for rural fire fighting).

3 vehicle fire pump (installed on the chassis of the fire engine).

4 hand-carried mobile fire pump (can be moved by manpower).

5Fixed fire pumps (fixed and installed inside and outside the building for fixing fire extinguishing systems or other firefighting facilities).

6 Traction fire pump (can be pulled by human or motor vehicle).

(3) According to the medium to be transported:

1 fire-fighting water pump (mainly used to transport water or a mixture of water and foam).

2 foam liquid pump (mainly used to deliver foam solution).

3 Lead water pumps (mainly used as auxiliary devices for centrifugal fire pumps to remove air from pumps and suction pipes to form vacuum and divert water).

What is a centrifugal pump? What components are it composed of? Why install a water diversion device on a centrifugal pump?

Centrifugal pumps are hydraulic machines that transport liquids by the action of centrifugal forces. There are three types of single-stage centrifugal fire pumps, two-stage centrifugal fire pumps, and centrifugal vortex fire pumps. Centrifugal pump consists of impeller, pump shaft, pump casing (front and rear cover), suction pipe, outlet pipe and shaft sealing device.

Because the necessary condition for the centrifugal pump work is to fill the pump with water first. When starting, the air must be exhausted first, and then the water can be sucked in. However, the mass of air is much smaller than that of water. The centrifugal force generated when the impeller drives the air in the pump rotates is much smaller than the centrifugal force generated when the water rotates. The smaller the centrifugal force is, the smaller the pressure difference between the center and the outer edge of the impeller in the pump is, so that the water source cannot rise to the center of the impeller and the water pump cannot absorb water. Therefore, the fire truck is equipped with a water diversion device (vacuum pump) on the centrifugal pump.